Translated by Master Vincent Chu
It is common among martial artists to
discuss their skills. The same is true of Tai Chi Chuan practitioners. We have
seen a competition match where an older man defeated a younger man; we heard
from our teachers and read from books how the Yang Family members' kung-fu was
so good that they defeated hard style practitioners without any difficulty. When
a young man is defeated by an older man, we say that the young man's kung-fu is
not as good as an older man's. You may wonder how to measure kung-fu skills in
Tai Chi Chuan. The following is my understanding and interpretation of how to
measure different levels of Tai Chi Chuan kung-fu with my sixty years of
practical knowledge.
Tai Chi Chuan kung-fu is divided into ten levels. The first three levels are
called lower level or what some people call the level of "entering the door" for
this is the beginning of a journey of Tai Chi Chuan training. If a student has
achieved the third level, he is considered to have entered the door of training.
Fourth to sixth levels are called the middle level or what some people call
"enter the door and go into the room". It is so-called because the student is no
longer a beginner and all his instructions are taught in a closed space. Seventh
level is the level for a Tai Chi Chuan practitioner to master. Eight to tenth
levels are the higher levels and are commonly referred to as "reaching the peak
and summit." Eighth level means one has reached the peak but not the summit.
Throughout the history of Tai Chi Chuan, the number of people who achieve this
level is very few, so few that we can count them without fingers. People who
have achieved this level must have spent decades of diligent practice. For now,
anyone who has achieved eighth level will be very famous not just in China but
throughout the world if he wanted to show his skill to the public.
The following is a more detailed discussion on the ten levels of Tai Chi
Chuan kung-fu. We all know that Tai Chi Chuan is an internal martial art and it
is based on the philosophy of yin-yang (that is soft interacting with hard). The
whole process of Tai Chi Chuan training is to break down the stiff and rigid
body into a soft and relaxed body and then assemble this soft and hard body into
a hard and solid body like steel. The Classics say that one should first seek
the familiar and then try to understand the jing (internal power). From beginning
to understand the jing, with practice the practitioner develops enlightenment.
With the term "familiar" the Classics refer to the concept of transforming the
hard and rigid body into soft and relaxed body through push hands and the
knowledge of these concepts is also called "entering the door" kung-fu.
Therefore, it is taught orally. Of course, if one practices Tai Chi Chuan just
for health, one does not need to practice push hands. However, if one practices
Tai Chi Chuan as a martial art, one must practice push hands. Otherwise one is
never considered to have entered the door. From push hands exercise, one slowly
understands the jing. These are the first three levels of Tai Chi Chuan kung-fu.
From push hands exercise standpoint, the first three levels of kung-fu are
the yielding or neutralizing of the opponent's energy. The Classic of Tai Chi
Chuan Circle says that the retreat circle is easer to do than the advance
circle. The first three levels are also called the retreat circle. In level one,
most of the movements are composed of stiff and rigid energy, very little of
yielding energy. In the second level, yielding energy increases and rigid energy
decreases in all movements. This is the result of understanding the concepts of
push hands exercises and getting familiar with the opponent's energy and
movements. In the third level, all the movements are controlled mainly by the
yielding energy and one begins to understand the jing. At this time, one does
not just understand and know the jing but is able to maneuver in a circular
motion to neutralize the coming energy.
The first three levels is for a student not familiar with the concept of
circle to become very familiar with the concept of circle and can use this
circle principle to adhere and follow the coming energy. When one understands
how and when to use this circle to retreat, one is beginning to understand jing.
Fourth to sixth level kung-fu is working with the advance circle. Therefore,
it is also called the advance circle training. When I speak of advance circle,
it is not simply a response after retreat. It is in the process of retreating
that your yielding energy adheres to the opponent's energy at all times and
under this condition you are forced to advance. For in this situation, your
advance maneuver threatens and can cause your opponent to lose balance and get
defeated. Your offensive maneuver can be a strike or just fa jing (release
energy) and can send the opponent flying. At this time, the student begins to
develop fa jing or one inch fa jing techniques. Therefore, if a practitioner
does not possess these fa jing or one inch jing techniques, one is considered
not to have achieved the fourth level and has not entered the door.
In this fourth to sixth level kung-fu, training involves collecting all the
limber body parts and beginning to form firm body parts and from one inch fa
jing into even smaller unit of fa jing techniques. Common people generally
withdraw their arms one or two feet to reserve power and then punch forward.
This is called one foot fa jing technique. At the fourth level, one does not
need to withdraw the arms and hands. At this level, a simple fa jing technique
cause the opponent to fly. This is the sign that he has entered the door and
begins to go into the room. At this time the practitioner should feel the legs
and feet are much stronger and are rooted. After one has achieved the fourth
level and higher, one is at a very delicate time. The classic calls this as one
day's worth of practice and one day's worth of skill. This is also the time when
the practitioner has entered the door and has gone into the room. The classic
also calls this the time of "no rest and keep practicing." The classic says that
in order to learn correctly, one must begin by oral transmission. When a student
has achieved level four, he has completed the oral transmission period. Although
the student does not practice push hands exercises this time, practice of the
solo form can improve Tai Chi Chuan kung-fu. Of course, with a teacher's
guidance, the student's progress is much greater.
When a student has achieved level six, he has entered the room and
understands the knowledge. Now he is beginning to understand how to let oneself
go and follow the opponent's energy and apply energy any way he likes. From my
sixty years of practical experience, level seven is the key level in which one
is going from middle kung-fu into higher kung-fu transition. It is the level of
using the mind to control all movements any way one likes. When a student
completes this level, the student has also completed the advance circle. The
next step is no circle. It is also for the student to practice one inch fa jing
technique to small units of fa jing techniques. At this time, one should find
that part of the body is soft and every part of the body is solid. Every part of
the body can yield and every part can fa jing. Therefore, depending on which
part of the body is in contact with the opponent, that part of the body will
strike the opponent.
From push hands application standpoint, the first three levels are outer
circle yielding while fourth to fifth levels are inner circle
yielding. The sixth level is yielding with the body. That means one
leads the opponent's energy close to the body and then maneuver the body for
yielding. This technique is called "separation of the flesh." Level seven is
no circle strike. Besides the three ways of yielding as described above,
one can lead the opponent's energy to come close to the body and counter strike
without yielding. This technique is called "point strike." At this time, you
cannot see the hands move because when the hands touch, it is a strike. When the
hands stick, it is also a strike. In this point of contact, it is composed of
strike and fa jing and it can be either soft or solid, it can be yield or fa
jing. You can say that it is soft and you can say that it is solid.
Levels eight to ten are advanced Tai Chi Chuan kung-fu. Because I have not
achieved this yet, I cannot define what it is. From what I heard from my teacher
and sixty years of practical experience, anyone who has achieved this level can
do wonderful things. This is what the classics commonly refer to when it says,
"the opponent does not know me but I know the opponent." The body is so
sensitive and light that one cannot add one feather, fly and mosquito cannot
land on the body. When an opponent punches the body, the opponent is already
injured and is flying backward but you did not see my improvement. Any movement
can cause the opponent injury and bleeding. Of course, in martial arts training,
There is no such thing as the end state. The more you practice, the better the
skill. Skill is infinite. Tai Chi Chuan practitioners past and present have
achieved skill that most people do not believe was humanly possible.
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